diff --git a/radiant.basics/NAMESPACE b/radiant.basics/NAMESPACE
index 0499a295ec89bcffdec4d58a597ecbbbcdb574ef..546a8d69ef9e1894b1e78cba4a8c7054f3384bd9 100644
--- a/radiant.basics/NAMESPACE
+++ b/radiant.basics/NAMESPACE
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ S3method(plot,correlation)
 S3method(plot,cross_tabs)
 S3method(plot,goodness)
 S3method(plot,homo_variance_test)
+S3method(plot,mda)
 S3method(plot,normality_test)
 S3method(plot,prob_binom)
 S3method(plot,prob_chisq)
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ S3method(summary,correlation)
 S3method(summary,cross_tabs)
 S3method(summary,goodness)
 S3method(summary,homo_variance_test)
+S3method(summary,mda)
 S3method(summary,normality_test)
 S3method(summary,prob_binom)
 S3method(summary,prob_chisq)
@@ -48,6 +50,7 @@ export(correlation)
 export(cross_tabs)
 export(goodness)
 export(homo_variance_test)
+export(mda)
 export(normality_test)
 export(prob_binom)
 export(prob_chisq)
diff --git a/radiant.basics/R/mda.R b/radiant.basics/R/mda.R
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2ddf7bbf18a86a73b471a9dd2f4ad7f06ae70c43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radiant.basics/R/mda.R
@@ -0,0 +1,448 @@
+############################################
+##  Multigroup Difference Analysis (ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis)
+############################################
+#' @export
+mda <- function(dataset,
+                var,
+                group,
+                normality_type = c("overall", "by_group"),
+                data_filter = "",
+                envir = parent.frame()) {
+  
+  # 1. 基础参数处理
+  normality_type <- match.arg(normality_type, choices = c("overall", "by_group"))
+  df_name <- if (is_string(dataset)) dataset else deparse(substitute(dataset))
+  
+  # 2. 数据提取：只保留“因变量+分组变量”
+  dataset <- get_data(
+    dataset,
+    vars = c(var, group),  # 强制只取2个核心变量，剔除冗余列
+    filt = data_filter,
+    na.rm = FALSE,         # 先不删缺失值，后续统一过滤
+    envir = envir
+  )
+  
+  # 3. 数据校验
+  if (!var %in% colnames(dataset)) {
+    stop(paste("因变量", var, "未在数据集中找到！"), call. = FALSE)
+  }
+  if (!group %in% colnames(dataset)) {
+    stop(paste("分组变量", group, "未在数据集中找到！"), call. = FALSE)
+  }
+  if (!is.numeric(dataset[[var]])) {
+    stop(paste("因变量", var, "必须是数值型（当前类型：", class(dataset[[var]]), "）！"), call. = FALSE)
+  }
+  
+  # 4. 有效样本过滤：剔除任一变量缺失的样本
+  valid_indices <- !is.na(dataset[[var]]) & !is.na(dataset[[group]])
+  valid_data <- dataset[valid_indices, ]  # 仅保留有效样本的2列数据
+  if (nrow(valid_data) == 0) {
+    stop("无有效样本（所有样本的因变量/分组变量存在缺失值）！", call. = FALSE)
+  }
+  
+  # 5. 分组变量处理：强制转因子+校验水平
+  valid_data[[group]] <- as.factor(valid_data[[group]])  # 强制转因子，避免字符型干扰
+  valid_levels <- length(levels(valid_data[[group]]))    # 用levels()确保因子水平正确
+  if (valid_levels < 2) {
+    stop(paste("分组变量有效水平不足2个（当前水平数：", valid_levels, "），无法执行检验！"), call. = FALSE)
+  }
+  
+  # 6. 检验计算：调用辅助函数
+  homo_res <- run_homo_test(valid_data, var, group)  # 方差齐性检验
+  norm_res <- run_norm_test(valid_data, var, group, normality_type)  # 正态性检验
+  
+  # 7. 绘图数据准备
+  plot_obj <- list(
+    norm = list(
+      data = valid_data[[var]],
+      group_data = if (normality_type == "by_group") {
+        # 把命名向量转为无命名列表，避免asJSON警告
+        lapply(split(valid_data[[var]], valid_data[[group]]), function(x) x)
+      } else NULL,
+      var = var,
+      group = group,
+      type = normality_type
+    ),
+    homo = list(
+      data = valid_data,
+      var = var,
+      group = group
+    )
+  )
+  
+  # 8. 结果打包：对齐单独检验的输出结构
+  out <- structure(
+    list(
+      df_name = df_name,
+      var = var,
+      group = group,
+      normality_type = normality_type,
+      data_filter = if (data_filter == "") "None" else data_filter,
+      valid_n = nrow(valid_data),  # 有效样本量
+      homo_res = homo_res,         # 方差齐性检验结果
+      norm_res = norm_res,         # 正态性检验结果
+      plot_obj = plot_obj
+    ),
+    class = "mda"  
+  )
+  out
+}
+
+# ------------------------------
+# 辅助函数1：方差齐性检验
+# ------------------------------
+run_homo_test <- function(valid_data, var, group) {
+  x <- valid_data[[var]]
+  g <- valid_data[[group]]
+  res <- tibble::tibble(Test = character(), Statistic = numeric(), p.value = numeric())
+  
+  # 1. Levene检验
+  if (requireNamespace("car", quietly = TRUE)) {
+    tmp <- tryCatch(
+      expr = car::leveneTest(x ~ g),
+      error = function(e) {
+        message(paste("Levene检验执行失败：", e$message))
+        return(NULL)
+      }
+    )
+    if (!is.null(tmp) && nrow(tmp) > 0) {
+      res <- tibble::add_row(res,
+                             Test = "Levene",
+                             Statistic = as.numeric(tmp[["F value"]][1]),
+                             p.value = as.numeric(tmp[["Pr(>F)"]][1]))
+    }
+  } else {
+    res <- tibble::add_row(res,
+                           Test = "Levene",
+                           Statistic = NA_real_,
+                           p.value = NA_real_)
+    message("提示：需安装car包以运行Levene检验")
+  }
+  
+  # 2. Bartlett检验
+  tmp <- tryCatch(
+    expr = stats::bartlett.test(x, g),
+    error = function(e) {
+      message(paste("Bartlett检验执行失败：", e$message))
+      return(NULL)
+    }
+  )
+  if (!is.null(tmp)) {
+    res <- tibble::add_row(res,
+                           Test = "Bartlett",
+                           Statistic = as.numeric(tmp$statistic),
+                           p.value = as.numeric(tmp$p.value))
+  } else {
+    res <- tibble::add_row(res,
+                           Test = "Bartlett",
+                           Statistic = NA_real_,
+                           p.value = NA_real_)
+  }
+  
+  # 3. Fligner检验
+  tmp <- tryCatch(
+    expr = stats::fligner.test(x, g),
+    error = function(e) {
+      message(paste("Fligner检验执行失败：", e$message))
+      return(NULL)
+    }
+  )
+  if (!is.null(tmp)) {
+    res <- tibble::add_row(res,
+                           Test = "Fligner",
+                           Statistic = as.numeric(tmp$statistic),
+                           p.value = as.numeric(tmp$p.value))
+  } else {
+    res <- tibble::add_row(res,
+                           Test = "Fligner",
+                           Statistic = NA_real_,
+                           p.value = NA_real_)
+  }
+  
+  res
+}
+
+# ------------------------------
+# 辅助函数2：正态性检验
+# ------------------------------
+run_norm_test <- function(valid_data, var, group, normality_type) {
+  x <- valid_data[[var]]
+  g <- valid_data[[group]]
+  res <- tibble::tibble(Group = character(), Test = character(), Statistic = numeric(), p.value = numeric())
+  
+  # 1. 整体正态性检验
+  if (normality_type == "overall") {
+    res <- dplyr::bind_rows(res, get_single_norm(x, group_label = "Overall"))
+  }
+  
+  # 2. 按分组正态性检验
+  if (normality_type == "by_group") {
+    for (level in levels(g)) {
+      group_x <- x[g == level]
+      res <- dplyr::bind_rows(res, get_single_norm(group_x, group_label = level))
+    }
+  }
+  
+  res
+}
+
+# ------------------------------
+# 辅助函数3：单组正态性检验
+# ------------------------------
+get_single_norm <- function(x, group_label) {
+  res <- tibble::tibble(Group = group_label, Test = character(), Statistic = numeric(), p.value = numeric())
+  n <- length(x)
+  
+  # 1. Shapiro-Wilk检验
+  if (n >= 3 && n <= 5000) {
+    tmp <- tryCatch(
+      expr = stats::shapiro.test(x),
+      error = function(e) {
+        message(paste("Shapiro-Wilk检验（", group_label, "）失败：", e$message, sep = ""))
+        return(NULL)
+      }
+    )
+    if (!is.null(tmp)) {
+      res <- tibble::add_row(res,
+                             Group = group_label,
+                             Test = "Shapiro-Wilk",
+                             Statistic = tmp$statistic,
+                             p.value = tmp$p.value)
+    }
+  } else {
+    res <- tibble::add_row(res,
+                           Group = group_label,
+                           Test = "Shapiro-Wilk",
+                           Statistic = NA_real_,
+                           p.value = NA_real_)
+    message(paste("Shapiro-Wilk检验（", group_label, "）跳过：样本量需3-5000（当前n=", n, "）", sep = ""))
+  }
+  
+  # 2. Lilliefors-KS检验
+  if (requireNamespace("nortest", quietly = TRUE)) {
+    tmp <- tryCatch(
+      expr = nortest::lillie.test(x),
+      error = function(e) {
+        message(paste("Lilliefors-KS检验（", group_label, "）失败：", e$message, sep = ""))
+        return(NULL)
+      }
+    )
+    if (!is.null(tmp)) {
+      res <- tibble::add_row(res,
+                             Group = group_label,
+                             Test = "Lilliefors-KS",
+                             Statistic = tmp$statistic,
+                             p.value = tmp$p.value)
+    } else {
+      res <- tibble::add_row(res,
+                             Group = group_label,
+                             Test = "Lilliefors-KS",
+                             Statistic = NA_real_,
+                             p.value = NA_real_)
+    }
+  } else {
+    res <- tibble::add_row(res,
+                           Group = group_label,
+                           Test = "Lilliefors-KS",
+                           Statistic = NA_real_,
+                           p.value = NA_real_)
+    message("提示：需安装nortest包以运行KS/AD检验")
+  }
+  
+  # 3. Anderson-Darling检验
+  if (requireNamespace("nortest", quietly = TRUE)) {
+    tmp <- tryCatch(
+      expr = nortest::ad.test(x),
+      error = function(e) {
+        message(paste("Anderson-Darling检验（", group_label, "）失败：", e$message, sep = ""))
+        return(NULL)
+      }
+    )
+    if (!is.null(tmp)) {
+      res <- tibble::add_row(res,
+                             Group = group_label,
+                             Test = "Anderson-Darling",
+                             Statistic = tmp$statistic,
+                             p.value = tmp$p.value)
+    } else {
+      res <- tibble::add_row(res,
+                             Group = group_label,
+                             Test = "Anderson-Darling",
+                             Statistic = NA_real_,
+                             p.value = NA_real_)
+    }
+  } else {
+    res <- tibble::add_row(res,
+                           Group = group_label,
+                           Test = "Anderson-Darling",
+                           Statistic = NA_real_,
+                           p.value = NA_real_)
+  }
+  
+  res
+}
+
+# ------------------------------
+# Summary方法
+# ------------------------------
+#' @export
+summary.mda <- function(object, dec = 3, ...) {
+  # 1. 基础信息
+  cat("Multigroup Difference Analysis (ANOVA/KW)\n")
+  cat("Data         :", object$df_name, "\n")
+  cat("Dependent var:", object$var, "(numeric)\n")
+  cat("Group var    :", object$group, "(factor,", length(levels(object$plot_obj$homo$data[[object$group]])), "levels)\n")
+  cat("Normality test:", object$normality_type, "\n")
+  cat("Valid samples:", object$valid_n, "\n\n")
+  
+  # 2. 正态性检验结果
+  cat("=== 1. Normality Test Results ===\n")
+  if (nrow(object$norm_res) == 0) {
+    cat("  No valid normality test results.\n\n")
+  } else {
+    norm_formatted <- object$norm_res %>%
+      dplyr::mutate(
+        Statistic = as.character(round(Statistic, dec)),  # 转为字符型，统一类型
+        p.value = dplyr::case_when(
+          is.na(p.value) ~ "",
+          p.value < 0.001 ~ "<0.001",
+          p.value < 0.01 ~ as.character(round(p.value, 3)),  # 数值转字符
+          TRUE ~ as.character(round(p.value, 4))  # 数值转字符
+        )
+      ) %>%
+      as.data.frame(stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
+    
+    print(norm_formatted, row.names = FALSE, right = FALSE)
+    cat("\n")
+  }
+  
+  # 3. 方差齐性检验结果
+  cat("=== 2. Homogeneity of Variance Results ===\n")
+  if (nrow(object$homo_res) == 0) {
+    cat("  No valid homogeneity test results.\n\n")
+  } else {
+    homo_formatted <- object$homo_res %>%
+      dplyr::mutate(
+        Statistic = as.character(round(Statistic, dec)),  # 转为字符型，统一类型
+        p.value = dplyr::case_when(
+          is.na(p.value) ~ "",
+          p.value < 0.001 ~ "<0.001",
+          p.value < 0.01 ~ as.character(round(p.value, 3)),  # 数值转字符
+          TRUE ~ as.character(round(p.value, 4))  # 数值转字符
+        )
+      ) %>%
+      as.data.frame(stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
+    
+    print(homo_formatted, row.names = FALSE, right = FALSE)
+    cat("\n")
+  }
+  
+  # 4. 结论提示
+  cat("=== 3. Interpretation Tips ===\n")
+  cat("• 正态性：p ≥ 0.05 → 满足正态性假设\n")
+  cat("• 方差齐性：p ≥ 0.05 → 满足方差齐性假设\n")
+  cat("• 若同时满足这两个假设 → 使用方差分析（ANOVA）\n")
+  cat("• 若任一假设不满足 → 使用Kruskal-Wallis检验\n")
+  
+  invisible(object)
+}
+
+# ------------------------------
+# Plot方法
+# ------------------------------
+#' @export
+plot.mda <- function(x,
+                     plots = c("norm_qq", "norm_hist", "homo_box"),
+                     shiny = FALSE, custom = FALSE, ...) {
+  # 1. 基础校验
+  if (length(plots) == 0) {
+    return(ggplot2::ggplot() +
+             ggplot2::annotate("text", x = 1, y = 1, label = i18n$t("No plots selected")) +
+             ggplot2::theme_void())
+  }
+  
+  plot_list <- list()
+  var_name <- x$var
+  group_name <- x$group
+  
+  # 2. 正态性检验图表
+  # 2.1 Q-Q图
+  if ("norm_qq" %in% plots) {
+    if (x$normality_type == "overall") {
+      p <- ggplot2::ggplot(data.frame(y = x$plot_obj$norm$data), ggplot2::aes(sample = y)) +
+        ggplot2::stat_qq(color = "#2E86AB", size = 1) +
+        ggplot2::stat_qq_line(color = "#A23B72", linetype = "dashed") +
+        ggplot2::labs(x = "Theoretical Quantiles",
+                      y = paste("Empirical Quantiles (", var_name, ")", sep = ""),
+                      title = "Normality: Q-Q Plot (Overall)") +
+        ggplot2::theme_minimal() +
+        ggplot2::theme(plot.title = ggplot2::element_text(hjust = 0.5, size = 12))
+      plot_list[["norm_qq"]] <- p
+    } else {
+      # 按分组画QQ图
+      group_data <- x$plot_obj$norm$group_data
+      for (level in names(group_data)) {
+        p <- ggplot2::ggplot(data.frame(y = group_data[[level]]), ggplot2::aes(sample = y)) +
+          ggplot2::stat_qq(color = "#2E86AB", size = 1) +
+          ggplot2::stat_qq_line(color = "#A23B72", linetype = "dashed") +
+          ggplot2::labs(x = "Theoretical Quantiles",
+                        y = paste("Empirical Quantiles (", var_name, ")", sep = ""),
+                        title = paste("Normality: Q-Q Plot (", level, ")", sep = "")) +
+          ggplot2::theme_minimal() +
+          ggplot2::theme(plot.title = ggplot2::element_text(hjust = 0.5, size = 12))
+        plot_list[[paste("norm_qq_", level, sep = "")]] <- p
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  
+  # 2.2 直方图
+  if ("norm_hist" %in% plots) {
+    if (x$normality_type == "overall") {
+      p <- ggplot2::ggplot(data.frame(y = x$plot_obj$norm$data), ggplot2::aes(x = y)) +
+        ggplot2::geom_histogram(fill = "#F18F01", alpha = 0.7, bins = 30) +
+        ggplot2::labs(x = var_name, y = "Count",
+                      title = "Normality: Histogram (Overall)") +
+        ggplot2::theme_minimal() +
+        ggplot2::theme(plot.title = ggplot2::element_text(hjust = 0.5, size = 12))
+      plot_list[["norm_hist"]] <- p
+    } else {
+      # 按分组画直方图
+      group_data <- x$plot_obj$norm$group_data
+      for (level in names(group_data)) {
+        p <- ggplot2::ggplot(data.frame(y = group_data[[level]]), ggplot2::aes(x = y)) +
+          ggplot2::geom_histogram(fill = "#F18F01", alpha = 0.7, bins = 30) +
+          ggplot2::labs(x = var_name, y = "Count",
+                        title = paste("Normality: Histogram (", level, ")", sep = "")) +
+          ggplot2::theme_minimal() +
+          ggplot2::theme(plot.title = ggplot2::element_text(hjust = 0.5, size = 12))
+        plot_list[[paste("norm_hist_", level, sep = "")]] <- p
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  
+  # 3. 方差齐性检验图表
+  if ("homo_box" %in% plots) {
+    p <- ggplot2::ggplot(x$plot_obj$homo$data,
+                         ggplot2::aes(x = .data[[group_name]],
+                                      y = .data[[var_name]],
+                                      fill = .data[[group_name]])) +
+      ggplot2::geom_boxplot(alpha = 0.7, show.legend = FALSE) +
+      ggplot2::scale_fill_brewer(palette = "Set2") +
+      ggplot2::labs(x = group_name, y = var_name,
+                    title = "Homogeneity: Boxplot by Group") +
+      ggplot2::theme_minimal() +
+      ggplot2::theme(plot.title = ggplot2::element_text(hjust = 0.5, size = 12))
+    plot_list[["homo_box"]] <- p
+  }
+  
+  # 4. 组合图表
+  combined_plot <- patchwork::wrap_plots(plot_list, ncol = 1, guides = "collect")
+  
+  # 5. 输出
+  if (shiny) {
+    print(combined_plot)
+    return(invisible(combined_plot))  
+  } else {
+    return(combined_plot) 
+  }
+}
diff --git a/radiant.basics/inst/app/init.R b/radiant.basics/inst/app/init.R
index 76b33b87222ef0e7312a2eb9092eb879b339cdc3..596e4b189055798e78f99d0b1be80aaaf6ebc4d2 100644
--- a/radiant.basics/inst/app/init.R
+++ b/radiant.basics/inst/app/init.R
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ r_url_list[["Single mean"]] <-
   list("tabs_single_mean" = list("Summary" = "basics/single-mean/", "Plot" = "basics/single-mean/plot/"))
 r_url_list[["Compare means(t-test/Wilcoxon rank-sum test)"]] <-
   list("tabs_compare_means" = list("Summary" = "basics/compare-means/", "Plot" = "basics/compare-means/plot/"))
+r_url_list[["Multigroup Difference Analysis(ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis)"]] <-
+  list("tabs_mda" = list("Summary" = "basics/mda/", "Plot" = "basics/mda/plot/"))
 r_url_list[["Single proportion"]] <-
   list("tabs_single_prop" = list("Summary" = "basics/single-prop/", "Plot" = "basics/single-prop/plot/"))
 r_url_list[["Compare proportions"]] <-
@@ -35,8 +37,9 @@ options(
         "----", i18n$t("Means"),
         tabPanel(i18n$t("Single mean"), uiOutput("single_mean")),
         tabPanel(i18n$t("Compare means(t-test/Wilcoxon rank-sum test)"), uiOutput("compare_means")),
-        tabPanel(i18n$t("Normality test"),uiOutput("normality_test")),
-        tabPanel(i18n$t("Homogeneity of variance test"),uiOutput("homo_variance_test")),
+        #tabPanel(i18n$t("Normality test"),uiOutput("normality_test")),
+        #tabPanel(i18n$t("Homogeneity of variance test"),uiOutput("homo_variance_test")),
+        tabPanel(i18n$t("Multigroup Difference Analysis(ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis)"),uiOutput("mda")),
         "----", i18n$t("Proportions"),
         tabPanel(i18n$t("Single proportion"), uiOutput("single_prop")),
         tabPanel(i18n$t("Compare proportions"), uiOutput("compare_props")),
diff --git a/radiant.basics/inst/app/tools/analysis/mda_ui.R b/radiant.basics/inst/app/tools/analysis/mda_ui.R
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..249873711fc24993b75384862a66847170b09281
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radiant.basics/inst/app/tools/analysis/mda_ui.R
@@ -0,0 +1,310 @@
+############################################
+##  Multigroup Difference Analysis (ANOVA/KW) - UI
+##  对齐单独检验的UI设计：简洁+严格校验+统一风格
+############################################
+## 1. 翻译标签（对齐单独检验的i18n逻辑，保持术语一致）
+mda_norm_type <- c("overall", "by_group")
+names(mda_norm_type) <- c(i18n$t("Overall (Whole variable)"),
+                          i18n$t("By Group (Each level separately)"))
+
+mda_plots <- c("norm_qq", "norm_hist", "homo_box")
+names(mda_plots) <- c(i18n$t("Normality: Q-Q Plot"),
+                      i18n$t("Normality: Histogram"),
+                      i18n$t("Homogeneity: Boxplot by Group"))
+
+## 2. 函数形参
+mda_args <- as.list(formals(mda))
+mda_args <- mda_args[names(mda_args) %in% c("dataset", "var", "group", "normality_type", "data_filter")]
+
+## 3. 输入收集
+mda_inputs <- reactive({
+  req(input$dataset)
+  # 基础参数
+  inputs <- list(
+    dataset = input$dataset,
+    var = input$mda_var,
+    group = input$mda_group,
+    normality_type = input$mda_normality_type,
+    data_filter = if (input$show_filter) input$data_filter else "None",
+    envir = r_data
+  )
+  # 校验参数完整性
+  for (arg in names(mda_args)) {
+    if (is.null(inputs[[arg]])) inputs[[arg]] <- mda_args[[arg]]
+  }
+  inputs
+})
+
+## 4. 因变量选择
+output$ui_mda_var <- renderUI({
+  req(input$dataset)
+  current_data <- get_data(input$dataset, envir = r_data)
+  is_num <- sapply(current_data, function(col) is.numeric(col) || is.ts(col))
+  num_vars <- names(is_num)[is_num]
+  
+  if (length(num_vars) == 0) {
+    return(div(class = "alert alert-warning", i18n$t("No numeric variables in dataset. Please select another dataset.")))
+  }
+  
+  # 提取变量类型并组合标签
+  var_types <- sapply(current_data[, num_vars, drop = FALSE], function(col) class(col)[1])
+  choices <- setNames(nm = paste0(num_vars, " {", var_types, "}"), object = num_vars)
+  
+  selectInput(
+    inputId = "mda_var",
+    label = i18n$t("Dependent variable:"),
+    choices = c("None" = "", choices),
+    selected = state_single("mda_var", num_vars),
+    multiple = FALSE
+  )
+})
+
+## 5. 分组变量选择
+output$ui_mda_group <- renderUI({
+  req(input$dataset)
+  current_data <- get_data(input$dataset, envir = r_data)
+  is_group <- sapply(current_data, function(col) is.factor(col) || is.character(col))
+  group_candidates <- names(is_group)[is_group]
+  
+  valid_groups <- character(0)
+  for (grp in group_candidates) {
+    grp_vals <- current_data[[grp]]
+    valid_levels <- length(unique(grp_vals[!is.na(grp_vals)]))
+    if (valid_levels >= 2) {
+      valid_groups <- c(valid_groups, grp)
+    }
+  }
+  
+  if (length(valid_groups) == 0) {
+    return(div(class = "alert alert-warning", i18n$t("No valid grouping variables (need ≥2 levels).")))
+  }
+  
+  #提取变量类型并组合标签
+  group_types <- sapply(current_data[, valid_groups, drop = FALSE], function(col) class(col)[1])
+  choices <- setNames(nm = paste0(valid_groups, " {", group_types, "}"), object = valid_groups)
+  
+  selectInput(
+    inputId = "mda_group",
+    label = i18n$t("Grouping variable:"),
+    choices = choices,  
+    selected = state_single("mda_group", valid_groups),
+    multiple = FALSE
+  )
+})
+
+
+## 6. 正态性检验类型选择
+output$ui_mda_normality_type <- renderUI({
+  selectInput(
+    inputId = "mda_normality_type",
+    label = i18n$t("Normality test:"),
+    choices = mda_norm_type,
+    selected = state_single("mda_normality_type", mda_norm_type, "overall"),
+    multiple = FALSE
+  )
+})
+
+## 7. 主UI
+output$ui_mda <- renderUI({
+  req(input$dataset)
+  tagList(
+    wellPanel(
+      # Summary标签页
+      conditionalPanel(
+        condition = "input.tabs_mda == 'Summary'",
+        uiOutput("ui_mda_var"),
+        uiOutput("ui_mda_group"),
+        uiOutput("ui_mda_normality_type")
+      ),
+      # Plot标签页
+      conditionalPanel(
+        condition = "input.tabs_mda == 'Plot'",
+        selectizeInput(
+          inputId = "mda_plots",
+          label = i18n$t("Select plots:"),
+          choices = mda_plots,
+          selected = state_multiple("mda_plots", mda_plots, "norm_qq"),  # 默认选QQ图
+          multiple = TRUE,
+          options = list(
+            placeholder = i18n$t("Select plot types"),
+            plugins = list("remove_button", "drag_drop")  
+          )
+        )
+      )
+    ),
+    # 帮助与报告
+    help_and_report(
+      modal_title = i18n$t("Multigroup Difference Analysis (ANOVA/KW)"),
+      fun_name = "mda",
+      help_file = inclMD(file.path(getOption("radiant.path.basics"),
+                                   "app/tools/help/mda.md"))
+    )
+  )
+})
+
+## 8. 图表尺寸
+mda_plot_dims <- reactive({
+  req(.mda())
+  plot_count <- length(input$mda_plots)
+  group_count <- if (.mda()$normality_type == "by_group") {
+    length(levels(.mda()$plot_obj$homo$data[[.mda()$group]]))
+  } else {
+    1
+  }
+  base_subplot_height_px <- 350
+  total_height_px <- base_subplot_height_px * plot_count * group_count
+  total_height_px <- min(total_height_px, 2000)
+  total_height_px <- max(total_height_px, 400)
+  
+  list(
+    width = 700,
+    height = total_height_px
+  )
+})
+
+mda_plot_width <- function() mda_plot_dims()$width
+mda_plot_height <- function() mda_plot_dims()$height
+
+## 9. 输出面板
+output$mda <- renderUI({
+  # 注册输出
+  register_print_output("summary_mda", ".summary_mda")
+  register_plot_output("plot_mda", ".plot_mda",
+                       height_fun = "mda_plot_height")
+  
+  # 标签页
+  mda_panels <- tabsetPanel(
+    id = "tabs_mda",
+    tabPanel(
+      title = i18n$t("Summary"),
+      value = "Summary",
+      verbatimTextOutput("summary_mda", placeholder = TRUE) 
+    ),
+    tabPanel(
+      title = i18n$t("Plot"),
+      value = "Plot",
+      download_link("dlp_mda"),  # 下载按钮
+      plotOutput("plot_mda", height = "100%"),
+      style = "margin-top: 10px;"
+    )
+  )
+  
+  # 整合到Radiant标准面板
+  stat_tab_panel(
+    menu = i18n$t("Basics > Means"),
+    tool = i18n$t("Multigroup Difference Analysis(ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis)"),
+    tool_ui = "ui_mda",
+    output_panels = mda_panels
+  )
+})
+
+## 10. 可用性检验
+mda_available <- reactive({
+  req(input$dataset)
+  current_data <- get_data(input$dataset, envir = r_data)
+  
+  # 1. 校验因变量
+  if (not_available(input$mda_var) || !input$mda_var %in% colnames(current_data)) {
+    return(i18n$t("Please select a valid numeric dependent variable."))
+  }
+  
+  # 2. 校验分组变量
+  if (not_available(input$mda_group) || !input$mda_group %in% colnames(current_data)) {
+    return(i18n$t("Please select a valid grouping variable."))
+  }
+  
+  # 3. 校验分组变量水平
+  group_vals <- current_data[[input$mda_group]]
+  valid_levels <- length(unique(group_vals[!is.na(group_vals)]))
+  if (valid_levels < 2) {
+    return(i18n$t("Grouping variable has <2 valid levels. Choose another."))
+  }
+  
+  # 4. 校验有效样本
+  valid_n <- sum(!is.na(current_data[[input$mda_var]]) & !is.na(current_data[[input$mda_group]]))
+  if (valid_n < 5) {  # 最小样本量校验
+    return(i18n$t(paste("Valid samples are too few (n=", valid_n, "). Need at least 5.", sep = "")))
+  }
+  
+  "available"  # 所有校验通过
+})
+
+## 11. 计算核心
+.mda <- reactive({
+  req(mda_available() == "available")
+  do.call(mda, mda_inputs())
+})
+
+.summary_mda <- reactive({
+  req(mda_available() == "available")
+  summary(.mda())
+})
+
+.plot_mda <- reactive({
+  req(mda_available() == "available")
+  validate(need(input$mda_plots, i18n$t("Please select at least one plot type first.")))
+  # 进度提示
+  withProgress(message = i18n$t("Generating plots..."), value = 0.5, {
+    p <- plot(.mda(), plots = input$mda_plots, shiny = TRUE)
+    setProgress(value = 1)
+  })
+  p
+})
+
+## 12. 下载与截图
+# 图表下载
+download_handler(
+  id = "dlp_mda",
+  fun = function(file) {
+    # 1. 校验图表对象
+    plot_obj <- .plot_mda()
+    width_in <- mda_plot_width() / 96  
+    height_in <- mda_plot_height() / 96  
+    
+    ggsave(
+      filename = file,
+      plot = plot_obj,
+      width = width_in,
+      height = height_in,
+      device = "png",
+      dpi = 300,
+      limitsize = FALSE,  
+      bg = "white" 
+    )
+  },
+  fn = function() paste0(input$dataset, "_mda_plots"),
+  type = "png",
+  caption = i18n$t("Save plots")
+)
+
+# 报告生成
+mda_report <- function() {
+  req(mda_available() == "available")
+  figs <- length(input$mda_plots) > 0
+  # 报告结构
+  update_report(
+    inp_main = clean_args(mda_inputs(), mda_args),
+    fun_name = "mda",
+    inp_out = if (figs) list("", list(plots = input$mda_plots)) else list(""),
+    outputs = if (figs) c("summary", "plot") else "summary",
+    figs = figs,
+    fig.width = mda_plot_width(),
+    fig.height = mda_plot_height()
+  )
+}
+
+# 截图功能
+observeEvent(input$mda_report, {
+  r_info[["latest_screenshot"]] <- NULL
+  mda_report()
+})
+
+observeEvent(input$mda_screenshot, {
+  r_info[["latest_screenshot"]] <- NULL
+  radiant_screenshot_modal("modal_mda_screenshot")
+})
+
+observeEvent(input$modal_mda_screenshot, {
+  mda_report()
+  removeModal()
+})
diff --git a/radiant.basics/inst/app/tools/help/mda.md b/radiant.basics/inst/app/tools/help/mda.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391